| Information sheets | | | Elsenburg infopaks | | | Izilwanyana, izifo: 23 |
Ukufa kwamatakane
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Waziwa kakhulu umonakalo omkhulu owenziwa ematakaneni asemancinane zizilwanyana ezitya impahla. Kambe ke zikhona, kwaye zininzi, izifo ezithi nazo zibangela ilahleko enkulu kakhulu.
Njengoko ke kuye kufuneke ukuba imihlambi ivalelwe ezintlantini ngokuhlwa, loo nto iye yenze ukuba kube yingxinano yodwa kwezi ntlanti. Isiphumo saloo nto ke ikholisa ukuba kukusulelana kweempahla ngezifo ngezifo ezahlukeneyo. Amatakane asandula ukuzalwa aba sesichengeni kakhulu sokuhlaselwa zezi zifo zithi zingene emizimbeni yazo, zingena ngenkaba, ngomlomo okanye ngamaphumlo. Kubalulekile ke ngoko ukuba impahla egulayo mayigcinwe yodwa ``kwinkampu esebenza njengesibhedlele'' nenokuthi icocwe ngesibulala-ntsholongwane sechlorine, ibe nako nokukwazi ukuba ikhe ihlaliswe ingenazimpahla ixesha elide noko. Xa kungexesha leengqele zasebusika iba bubulumko ukuba inkaba le yetakane elisandula ukuzalwa ivingcwe ngesivingco samabele (teat dip). Kanti ke nalapho impahla ingavalelwa buhlanti iyenzeka into yokuba impahla isuleleke kwezi ndawo zibiyelweyo ihlala kuzo nekulapho ihlala khona ixesha elide. Ezi ndawo zibiyelwe kuzo impahla xa zineendawo ezivuzayo loo meko ikhokelela ekuveleni kweembewu zezifo.
Umthubi yeyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu ekukhuseleni amatakane ekungenweni zizifo. Iimazi zegusha ezimithiyo ziye zibe nezibulala-mbewu zezifo eziye zizidlulisele ematakaneni ngomthubi lo wazo. Kubalulekile ke ngoko ukuba amatakane xa esandula ukuzalwa makancance ngokwaneleyo kweziya yure zilishumi elinesibini zokuqala, kuba ngokwenza njalo athi akwazi ukuzifunxa ngokwaneleyo ezi zibulala-mbewu zezifo. Amatakane abuthathaka okanye lawo athe azalwa nzima anokuncedeka kakhulu xa kunokuthi kusengwe umthubi apha koonina aze ke awuncanciswe. Lo mthubi usengiweyo unakho nokuthi xa ngaba imeko iyavuma, ugcinwe emkhenkceni.
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Isifo i-Escherichia coli (E coli) sesona sifo siphambili kakhulu ekubulaleni amatakane angaphantsi kwenyanga ubudala. Iigusha ezininzi kwakunye neebhokhwe ezininzi ziye zibe neentlobo ngeentlobo zeebhaktheriya ezinazo apha emathunjini azo kwaye ke nakubeni zona sele zingasenakuba saphathelwa zifo zizo, ziye zizikhuphe ezi bhaktheriya kunye neengqatha zazo, into ke leyo ethi yenze ukuba ezo ndawo zishiya kuzo ezo ngqatha zazo zishiyeke zigutyungelwe zezi bhaktheriya. Amaxhoba ke ikholisa ukuba ngamatakane kuba wona engekabi nakho ukumelana nazo. Esi sifo sidla ngokungena emzimbeni wetakane xa lincanca umbele omdaka. Uthuli olulapha emoyeni nalo lusenokuthi kanti lunazo ezi bhaktheriya, kwaye enye indawo ezikholise kakhulu ukungena ngayo emzimbeni wetakane yinkaba. Ezi bhaktheriya ziyakwazi nokuba zihlale apha emathunjini, zibangele icesina yamathumbu (isisu segazi/enteritis), eye ithi izibonakalise ngomrhudo olubhelu okanye onamachaphaza egazi. Itakane liye liphelelwe ngamanzi apha emzimbeni, likhawuleze life. Esi sifo sibanga iintlobo ngeentlobo zeetyhefu ezithi zilihlasele itakane. |
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Ngaphezulu, ezi bhaktheriya ziyakwazi nokuba zigqobhozele ngaphakathi apha enyameni yamathumbu, into ke leyo eyenza ukuba zikwazi ukuthathwa ligazi lityhutyhe nazo umzimba lo wonke, zize ke njalo zibe nokuya kuhlasela nezinye iindawo zomzimba, ngeendlela ezibulalayo ezifana nesifo sobuchopho imeningitis. Kanti ke esi sifo I-E coli siyakwazi nokuba siye kuhlala nalapha emalungwini silenze lingenwe ngumbathalala itakane, lingakwazi ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza, lishiywe nangunina. Liye ke lithi lakuphelelwa lisuke life. |
Kubalulekile ke ngoko ukuba iimeko ahlala kuzo amatakane zibe nococeko. Le ngxaki yesi sifo i-E coli iye ithintelwe nangokuthi iimazi zeegusha zigonywe kwiinyanga ezimbini eziphambi kokuba lifike ixesha lokuzala kwazo, ngenjongo yokuqinisekisa ukuba umthubi lo wazo uba nazo izibulala-mbewu zezifo eziya kuthi zikwazi ukuyihlasela imbewu yesifo i-E coli. Xa imeko kucaca ukuba imbi kakhulu kuye kufuneke ukuba namatakane la ngokwawo makagonywe xa ekwisithuba seeveki ezimbini ubudala. Ekunyangeni amatakane agulayo kunokusetyenziswa amayeza okubulala iimbewu zezifo afana netetracycline; kanti ke angasezwa namanzi anetyuwa okanye aneswekile ukwenzela ukuncedisa umzimba ungaphelelwa ngamanzi. Ngamanye amaxesha kuye kusetyenziswe namayeza aneebhaktheriya eziluhlobo lwe-Lactobacillus khona ukuze zihlale apha enwebini yangaphakathi yamathumbu, zize ke zikwazi ukukhuphisana nezi ze-E coli, ziziminxe zingakwazi ukuba zingaphumelela ekwenzeni umonakalo wazo.
Enye into eye ibangele ukufa kwamatakane asemancinane kukuphunza okuye kuqhambuke kwiingingqi ezithile kubangwa yibhaktheriya ekuthiwa yi-Chlamydia. Amatakane aye azalwe ebuthathaka kakhulu enecesina yamathumbu (isisu segazi), inyumoniya okanye umbathalala. Amatakane aye ahlale ebuthathaka enobulwelwe, ade afe ebulawa zezinye izigulo. Kuyanceda ke ukuba qho kusetyenziswe ugonyo lokuthintela olu phumzo xa kucaca ukuba le ngxaki ithanda ukuxhaphaka kakhulu.
Enye into ethi idale ukufa kwamatakane obebunokuthintelwa sisifo ekuthiwa yi-Tetanus. Kukho ibhaktheriya ekuthiwa yi-closhridium tetani eye ithande ukuhlala ezilondeni ezingafumani gazi kakuhle. Iye ke ivelise ityhefu ethi ihlasele imithambo yoluvo, into ke leyo eye amatakane iwenze amane esiba nokukrempa kwezihlunu ezi, aze ke abulawe kukuphelelwa ngumoya xa kuye kwachaphazeleka nezi zihlunu zisebenza ekuphefumleni. Amatakane akholisa ukuthi asuleleke kumanxeba enziwe kukuthenwa okanye ukunqunyulwa imisila. Iirabhana zokubopha ekuthiwa zii-elastic band zenza iimeko ezithandwa kakhulu zibhaktheriya, kuba kaloku zivalela ukungena kwegazi, kwaye zinobungozi obukhulu ngakumbi kumatakane asele emadalana athe anqunyulwa imisila aza athenwa. Likhona iyeza elingabizi kakhulu lokugonyela isifo seTetanus, kwaye xa amatakane enokugonywa ngalo kwezi veki zimbini ziphambi kokuba athenwe loo nto ingawasindisa ekufeni. Kwezinye iifama kuba kuninzi kakhulu ukusuleleka, into ke leyo ethi yenze ukuba kube yimfuneko kakhulu ukugonya. Kambe ke ezi ngxaki zingasombululeka xa amatakane enokuhlala kwiimeko zococeko nempilo entle.
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