| Information sheets | | | Elsenburg infopaks | | | Ezemitshini: 5 |
Uthintelo lokhukuliso-mhlaba: izithinteli ezincinane
Afrikaans | English
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Ezi zithinteli zilandelayo zingadli ndleko zininzi zisetyenziswa njengezithinteli ezincinane kwiindawo ezikhongozele amanzi amathambeka ezingaphantsi kwe-5
km2 ngobukhulu. Ezi zithinteli zakhiwa zifakwe ngexesha apho kungaxakekwanga kakhulu xa abasebenzi abasebenza kowona msebenzi wasefama mninzi benokuba nethuba lokuba basetyenziswe kulo msebenzi. Ezi zithinteli akufuneki zakhiwe kumathambeka amqengqelezi kakhulu. Kambe ke eyona nto kuya kuxhomekeka kuyo ukuba ngaba zifaneleke kangakanani na kwithambeka elo luhlobo lomhlaba walo. Ezi zithinteli kufuneka zithathwe njengenxenye yephulo lovuselelo lwamadlelo elijoliswe kuphuculo oluya kuhamba luhambe lube neziqhamo ezihle ekuhambeni kwexesha phaya. Iinjongo yazo kukuba makubanjwe umnyakamo womhlaba nokwenza ukuba kuqokelelane umhlaba wokuba sisityalelo.
Ezi zithinteli kufuneka zifakwe kwindawo ekhethwe ngobuchule neya kukwazi ukuzifezekisa iinjongo zokwakhiwa kwezithinteli. Indawo enjalo ke idla ngokuba ibe lapho imifulana idibana khona, okanye apho ithambeka eli linganeno kwiindonga ezo okanye apho ulwalwa apha ezindongeni sele luvele kakuhle lwacaca. Ukuba ngaba umsinga lo wamanzi uye wajikwa sisithinteli esincinane esi sakhiweyo, kufuneka ukuba abe la manzi aza kuya kuhamba kwindawo elukhuni okanye apho kungazi kubakho ngozi yokuba umhlaba lo ubukade ukhona ungakhukuliseka. |
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IZITHINTELI EZIYIMIJELO
Isithinteli esingumjelo sisetyeniselwa ukuhambisa amanzi ukuwasusa kwindawo ephakamileyo apha ezindongeni ukuwasa kwesezantsi. Esi sithinteli singakhiwa ngekhonkrithi okanye ngezitena okanye ngamatye. |
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Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba kubekho udonga olunqumlezileyo oluhle kangangesiqingatha semitha apha emhlabeni kweli cala lingasentla, kuze kubekho olunye apha ngezantsi oluhle lwaya kuma ngolwalwa. Umgangatho wesi sithinteli kufuneka ukuba usekelwe phezu kwendawo eqinileyo. Amanzi la kufuneka ukuba aphinde abuyiselwe kwalapha ezindongeni. Esi sithinteli sinokwakhiwa ngaphandle kokungena ezindlekweni ezininzi ngokuthi kusetyenziswe izinto ezikhoyo apho kuloo ngingqi sakhiwa kuyo, umzekelo, izinto ezifana nentlabathi namatye okwakha okanye ekhonkrithi. |
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IZITHINTELI EZENZIWE NGAMATAYARA
Izithinteli ezenziwe ngamatayara eemoto amadala kufuneka ziqhinishelwe ngokuqinileyo kwiipali zentsimbi ezibethelelwe apha emhlabeni kwinqumba yamatayara afunjiweyo nganye. La matayara kufuneka adityaniswe ngokuwabopha, aze ke azaliswe ngomhlaba. Kufuneka ke ukuba kweli cala avela ngakulo amanzi kubethelelwe apha ematayareni eliya laphu liburhonyarha lidla ngokusetyenziselwa ukwenza umthunzi. Kufuneka lisuke phaya phantsi emhlabeni linyuke liye kutsho ngaphezu kwamatayara la. Amatayara wona xa ebekwa kufuneka aqaliselwe kanye phaya emacaleni apha emagumbini ezi ndonga asetyenziswe kuzo, kunjalo nje embelwe ngendlela eya kwenza ukuba amanzi angakwazi konke ukuba angene apha phakathi kwawo negumbi eli leendonga. Kwezi ndawo bezembiwe apha emacaleni eendonga kufuneka ukuba zivingcwe mba ngokuzihlohla umhlaba asakuba efakiwe amatayara. Ezi pali zentsimbi aqhinishelwe kuzo amatayara kufuneka zenzelwe iankile esuka kwipali ebethelelwe embindini kweli cala avela kulo amanzi. Le pali yentsimbi yokwenza iankile kufuneka ibethelelwe ihle kangangoko apha emhlabeni. |
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Olu uhlobo lwezithinteli kucetyiswa ukuba umntu angalusebenzisi ngaphandle kokuba uza kuqinisekisa ukuba la matayara uza kuwabeka kakuhle ngendlela efanelekileyo. Umsinga wezikhukula ezinamandla ungadala iingxaki ezininzi kakhulu. |
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IZITHINTELI ZEKHONKRITHI EZINCINANE
Kwimifulana emincinane apho ulwalwa luvele kakuhle kungasetyenziswa izithinteli ezincinane zekhonkrithi, ezezitena okanye ezamatye. Eli cala lezi zithinteli zincinane aza kuphokozeleka kulo manzi kufuneka ukuba lingakhiwa libe ngaphezulu kwesiqingatha semitha ukuphakama. Izithinteli ezi zona zingenziwa zimile nangaluphi na uhlobo. |
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Kambe ke le ndlela zimile ngayo kufuneka ibe yenokuzenza zisebenziseke lula. Ukuba ngaba izithinteli ziye zakhiwa zadlula kwisiqingatha semitha ukuphakama kufuneka ukuba iqingqwe indlela eziza kumila ngayo, kwaye ke kunjalo nje kufuneka ukuba kweli cala aphokozeleka ngakulo amanzi kufakelwe iintsikana zokuxhasa ezinikene izithuba kakuhle apha phakathi kwazo. Ezi zithinteli zakhelwa ukugcina umnyakamo nokuba zenze kubekho umhlaba wokutyalela oqokelelanayo kwiindawo ebezisele zifuna ukuba yimiqwebedu esele ivele ulwalwa. Ulwalwa olu kufuneka ukuba lucocisiswe kakuhle phambi kokuba kwakhiwe phezu kwalo, ukwenzela ukuba ikhonkrithi le ifakwayo ikwazi ukubambelela ithi nca. Kufuneka ukuba kususwe zonke izinto ezihleli apha phezu kwalo. Ukuba ngaba ulwalwa luluhlobo olunkum-nkum alunakukwakwazi ukuba kungakhelwa phezu kwalo. Izithinteli ezi kufuneka ukuba zimbelwe nzulu amagolonxa eziza kungena kuwo apha emacaleni egumbi leendonga Ukuba ngaba la magolonxa athe embiwa ngobuchule ezo zithinteli zezitena okanye zamatye okanye zekhonkrithi ziza kufakwa kuwo zingafakeka lula nje ngaphandle kokufuna ukuba mazide zixozwe. Ukuxozwa kunokwenziwa kuphela xa kukho imfuneko yako. Kubalulekile ukuba kweli cala aphokozeleka ngakulo manzi izithinteli zibe nomgangatho oqinileyo khona ukuze kungabikho kutyeka akwenzayo amanzi apha elulwalweni okunokuthi ekuhambeni kwexesha kudale umonakalo apha kwisithinteli. Injongo yalo msebenzi asikokwenza amadama. |
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Injongo kukuba mayithi le ndawo ibivalwa isakuba ikhule utyani ngokwaneleyo okanye idibeke ngokwaneleyo, ibe mfano nye nako konke oku kuyingqongileyo kule ndawo ikuyo. Ukwenzela ukuba iindleko zokuthutha izinto zokusebenza zingabi phezulu kakhulu kufuneka ukuba kuzanywe kangangoko ukuba kusetyenziswe izinto ezinokufumaneka kwakuloo ngingqi sakhiwa kuyo isithinteli eso. Akufuneki ukuba kuthi xa kusakhiwa kusetyenziswe amatye ankum-nkum, kuba loo nto ingasenza singaqini kakuhle isithinteli. Makusetyenziswe amatye abukhulu buyi-150 ukuya kwi-200 yeemilimitha (mm). |
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IINDAWO EZIYIMIKHUTHUKA (iindawo ezimtyuba)
Kwiindawo eziyimikhuthuka ekungekho tyani kuyo kunokugqunywa ngamasebe emithi ukwenzela ukuba zingakhawulezi zome emva kokuba imvula inile. Kunokuba bhetele ke xa zinokuthi ezi ndawo ziqwatyululwe ngesixhobo sokulima ukwenzela ukuba zibe nemingxuma anokuthi ahlale kuyo amanzi. |
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Kanti ke naxa unokuthi uphethulwe umhlaba lo uqweqwe olu lungaya ngaphantsi, kuze kunyuke lo ungaphantsi umhlaba ibe nguwo ngaphezulu. Xa kusenziwa loo nto ke kunokusetyenziswa umhlakulo okanye ikhuba okanye ikhuba elinamazinyo amancinane lokucumza amagade. |
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IIMFUMBA ZAMATYE (ahlohlwe ezimantyini zocingo okanye angahlohlwanga)
Izithinteli ezenziwe ngokufumba amatye zingasetyenziswa ngempumelelo naphi na . Kufuneka ke ukuba la matye afunjwe ngobuchule obukhulu ukwenzela ukuba akwazi ukumelana namandla emisinga yamanzi. Ukuba ngaba ithambeka limqengqelezi kakhulu kubhetele ukuba kusetyenziswe amatye ahlohlwe ezimantyini ezenziwe ngocingo. Kufuneka ukuba xa ehlohlwa la matye kwezi mantyi asondelelaniswe kangangoko, khona ukuze amanzi angakwazi ukuba awakhukulise amatye angaqinanga kakuhle. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba icala aya kulo amanzi lingajikwa. Kufuneka ukuba amanzi la ahambe apha ezindongeni, koko ke kufuneka nje ukuba makahambe apha phezu kwesithinteli. Amacala ale mfumba yamatye kufuneka ukuba makabe ngentla ngomphakamo kunale ndawo aza kuphokozeleka kuyo amanzi. |
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Ezi mfumba zamatye zenzelwa ukuba zenze ukuba izityalo zikwazi ukukhula, into ke leyo eyenza ukuba indawo le ikwazi ukuwandisa umthamo wayo wezityalo ezithwalayo. Kananjalo ezi mfumba zamatye ziyasithoba nesantya abaleka ngaso amanzi, into ke leyo ewenza abe maninzi nathi afunxwe ngumhlaba. Ekuhambeni kwethuba loo nto ke yinto enokuba luncedo kakhulu kubukho bamanzi angaphantsi komhlaba. Eli dlelo libiyelweyo zenziwe kulo ezi zithinteli zeemfumba zamatye kufuneka lisoloko libekwe esweni ngenjongo yokuqinisekisa ukuba obu tyani bukhulayo apha ngakuzo abonakaliswa ziimpahla ezitya apha kulo.. Ukuba ngaba kuye kwathi ngokufuna ukuba kukhawuleze ukukhula kotyani kwahlwayelwa imbewu, kufuneka ukuba loo mbewu ibe yeyotyani obukhula kwakuloo ngingqi. Kufuneka kulunyukelwe ukuba kuhlwayelwe imbewu engaqhelekanga okanye eyezityalo ezitshabalalisayo, kuba loo nto ingeza nengxaki yezityalo ezitshabalalisayo.
Kwiindawo apho imvula enayo ngonyaka ingaphaya kwe-500 mm uvuselelo lwezityalo lunokwenziwa ngokubeka nje iisoyi zengca. Ezo soyi zinokuthi zibekwe kwiindawo ezikhethwe ngobuchule, ekukho amanzi kuzo nalapho zithi ziwugqume umhlaba zinqande ukuba ukhukuliseke ngakumbi. Wonke ke lo msebenzi kufuneka ukuba xa usenziwa athathelwe ingqalelo amacandelo 21, 22 nele-26 oMthetho oyiEnvironment Conservation Act, uMthetho 73 ka-1989, kunye nemiqathango yoMthetho oyiConservation of Agricultural Resources Act, uMthetho 43 ka-1983. |
A Erasmus
ELSENBURG / GRAAFF-REINET soil
conservation
