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Information sheets   |   Elsenburg infopaks   |   Izilwanyana, iintlobo: 3

Ibhokhwe iBoerbok Afrikaans | English

Click to enlarge!		 Kuzo zonke izilwanyana ezithe zajikwa zasuswa ekubeni zizilwanyana zasendle zaba zezasekhaya, ibhokwe yenye yezona zibalulekileyo, kwaye zifumaneka kwihlabathi lonke, kakhulu khona kwezindawo zaziwa ukuba ziiTropics ne Sub tropics. Iibhokwe zinesiphiwo sokukwazi ukuphila noba kuphi naphantsi kweziphi iimekozemozulu. Apha emzantsi Afrika ibhokwe isuka kwi Mpuma Koloni.

Click to enlarge!		 IINTLOBO ZEEBHOKWE

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeebhokwe apha ehlabathini: ukusukela kwi Pigmy emfutshane kakhulu efumaneka embindi Afrika ukuya kutsho kwi Bhokwe Yohlobo ekuthiwa yi Boerbok ethe yaveliswa eMzantsi Afrika phantsi kokudityaniswa kweentlobo ngentlobo ziingcali. Eyona bhokwe ethandwayo kwi bhokwe ezivelisa ubisi yi Sanen. Iibhokwe ezifuyelwe inyama zidla ngokuba nomzimba omncinci kunezi zifuyelwe ubisi. Iibhokwe zenyama ezifana ne Angora ne Kasmier, zidume kakhulu ngoboya bebhokwe noboya be cashmere.

Click to enlarge!		 IMPAZAMO EZENZA UKUBA IBHOKWE IKHUTSHWE EMHLAMBINI

Xa kuqwalaselwa iimpawu ebhokweni kufuneka iibhokwe ezinezimpawu zikhutshwe emhlambini.

UKUMILA KOMZIMBA

Intloko: etshonileyo, iimpondo ezime ngqo kakhulu okanye ezilele kakhulu, umlomo ogoso okanye otsolo, iindlebe ezisongekileyo, ezingamabhaku, okanye ezimfutshane, umhlathi wangezantsi omde kakhulu, umlomo wangezantsi omfutshane namehlo aluhlaza (blou).

Intamo nomzimba wangaphambili: intamo ende ebhityileyo okanye emfutshane namagxa angetyte ngetye.

Umzimba wesinqe: Umqolo otshonileyo.

Umzimba wangemva: Isinqe esijingayo, okanye esifutshane kakhulu, amathanga asibaca, ithambo lethanga elide kakhulu.

Amanqina: Amanqina ayikismadolo, okanye atsobhileyo, umqolo ophakame ingathi ngowenkomo,amanqina abhityileyo okanye atyebe kakhulu, izithende ezityhafileyo, impuphu ezijonge ngaphakathi okanye ezijonge ngaphandle.

Uboya: Uboya obude kakhulu okanye obushinyeneyo.

Izixhobo zokuzala: imibele edibeneyo, okanye emile ingathi liselwa, okanye imibele emine, amasende amancinci ngapha kwemfuneko, isingxhobo samasende esingapha kwe 5 ye sentimita ububanzi.

Ubukhulu: ibhokwe enkulu kunesiqhelo okanye encinci kunesiqhelo.

Ibhokwe efunekayo yibhokwe enomzimba omhlophe, intloko ebomvu, iindlebe nomkhango apha ebunzi elixube ibala libomvu kancinci (light brown) okanye elibomvu kakhulu (dark brown).

IZINTO EZIFUMANEKAYO

Ezona zinto zifumaneka ebhokweni yinyama, ubisi, imfele nefibre.

UKUVELISWA KWENYAMA

Iboerbok kwihlabathi lonke kuphela kwayo ezibhokweni ethathwa ukuba yeyenyama kuphela kwaye ifuyelwa inyama. Xa ilungele ukuxhelwa umzimba wayo udla ngokuba kubunzima obuyi 35 ukuya kwi 40 kilogram kwiinkunzi, ize ibe 30 ukuya kwi 35 kilogram kwiimazi nezilwanyana esezikhulile.

Click to enlarge!		 UKUVELISWA KWOBISI

Kudla ngokuthiwa ubisi lwebhokwe lungcono kunelenkomo.

Xa kuthelekiswa ubisi lokuncanca lwebhokwe noluphuma ebeleni lomntu, nazi izinto ezidla ngokuvela:

  • I protein ekwi bisi lwebhokwe ininzi kunale efumaneka ebisini lomntu- ingaphezulu nge 25% kwibisi lwe bhokwe ngelithuba iyi 7% kwelomntu.
  • Amafutha ayalingana kwelomntu nakwele bhokwe.
  • Ubisi lwebhokwe lune Calcium ne Phosphate engaphaya kwesidingo somtwana oncancayo, kodwa ke loonto ayinanto imbi eyenzayo engumonakalo empilweni.
  • Nanje ngobisi lwenkomo, ubisi lwebhokwe ukuba alunyangwanga luya kusithwala lusisulele isifo iBrucellosis, kodwa hayi sifo Sephepha ngenxa yokuba ibhokwe ayifane ingenwe sisifo sephepha.
  • Ubisi lwe bhokwe luye luthande ukuzinyanga iziilonda zasesiswini ngcono kunolunye ubisi
  • Kumazwe alambayo, apho inyama inga setyenzeziswa kakhulu, ubisi lwebhokwe ludla ngokunceda ngokwengeza iProtein, Phosphate neCalcium ebingenakufumaneka ngenye indlela kuba lungekho ubisi lenkomo.

Click to enlarge!		 UKUVELISA UBOYA

Iboerbok ivelisa uboya oburabaxa kwakunye noboya obulushica. Kuye kuvele uboya obulushica apha phantsi kobuboya bude, obu boya baziwa nje nge cashmere. Obu bona bude uboya budla ngokukanywa. Kuye kusetyenziswe nokuba loluphi uhlobo lwekama enamazinyo amade. Xa ukama ibhokw uyi bamba uyiqinise apha entloko uyikamele ngemva ngelixesha imileyo. Ukuba ibhokwe inoboya obuninzi apha entanyeni, lonto yalathisa ukuba isengaveza icashmere eninzi.

Click to enlarge!		 Okhona uboya bebhokwe bunebala elikhanyayo (elimhlophe), kwaye okhona iphantsi ifibre, okhona obo boya buza kungenisa imali eninzi Uboya obushinyeneyo budlangokukhula phakathi kweenyanga zika Desemba ukuya kutsho kwinyanga ka Juni ukwenzela ukuba ibhokwe ikhuseleke ngezi nyanga zobusika kanti kwala ukuba ibe lixesha lentlakohlaza, uboya buqale ukuwa. Izilwanyana kwakunye nemihlambi ayidli ngokulahlekelwa ngexesha elinye. Icashmere idla ngokufumaneka ukususela kwinyanga yesithandathu ubudala ebhokweni.

Click to enlarge!		 UKUZALA

Imazi: Indlela ezala ngayo iBoerbok yenye yezinto ezincomekayo njengokuba isisilwanyana esivelisa inyama. Into yokuzala amawele nento yokuvelisa amatakane kanga nge 180 ukuya kwi 200% yinto eqhekileyo kwi Boerbok Zininzi izito ezinegalelo ekuzaleni kwemazi ye bhokwe njenge: season ubudala, ubukhulu bomzimba nokutya ekufumanayo.

  • Iboerbok ibonisa ukuthanda ukukhwela imazi ngokwe season, iba namandla ngo April/Meyi (ekwindla) ibe buthathaka ukusukela kwinyanga ka Oktoba ukuya kutsho ku Januwari.
  • Xa ibhokwe isitya kakuhle iyakwazi ukulungela ukuzala ukusukela kubudala obuzinyanga ezintandathu. Kodwa ke into yokuba isilwanyana simithe kobubudala inokwenza ukuba ibhokwe inqaphele ukukhula, enye into lonto ingenza ukuba izinga lokuzala lebhokwe lonakale umphelo.
  • Umqathango odla ngokunceda ngowokuba ibhokwe mayingadityaniswa nenkunzi ingekabi nomzimba oyi 2/3 ngobunzima kobu buqhelekileyo apha emhlambini.
  • Amadlelo amahle namaphandle aluhlaza ayalikhuthaza izinga lokuzala kweebhokwe nokuveliswa kwobisi yi bhokwe. Nanje ngazo zonke izilwanyana ezetyisayo, izinga lokutya kwesilwanyana kunegalelo elikhulu ekuzaleni kwebhokwe.

Nazi izinto ezincedisa ukunyusa izinga lemveliso xa zithe zenziwa kwezi veki zintandathu ziphambi kokuba ibhokwe zikhwelane:

  • Galela izinc ne manganese ukuba inqongophele emhlabeni ngenxa yokuba iyakunyusa ukuqhama kwebhokwe
  • Hlaba iimazi inaliti ukuthintela I enzootic abortion nesifo sentso enegazi elibolileyo
  • Faka iyeza lokubulala iroundworm ne noseworm
  • Qiniseka ukuba iimazi zisempilweni entle kwaye azina ngxaki yamanqina
  • Zikhuphe emhlambini iimazi ezinamabele adibeneyo okaye amakhulu kakhulu.

Click to enlarge!		 Inkunzi: Imazi enye engazaliyo iyabonakala indawo yayo,kodwa ibonakala kancinci emhlambini kodwa inkunzi enye engazaliyo, yenza umahluko omkhulu emhlambini. Nazi izinto eziye zibenegalelo elivakalayo ngokushiyana kwazo xa zithe zenzeka okanye azenzeka kwiinyanga ezintathu phambi kokuba inkunzi zidibane neemazi:
  • Seza okanye faka ngenaliti u Vitamin A no D no E
  • Yongeza izinc ukuba inani layo liphantsi emadlelweni okanye ekutyeni kwebhokwe
  • Thintela isifo sentso enegazi elibolileyo
  • Thintela I roundworm okanye inoseworm
  • Qiniseka ukuba iinkunzi zisempilweni entle kwaye azina ngxaki yamanqina
  • Iinkunzi kufuneka zifumane ukusebenza (exercise) ukwenzela ukuba zibe semandleni ukunqanda kuba zingatyebi kakhulu ntoleyo enokwenza ukuba zonqene ukukhwela.

Click to enlarge!		 ULAWULO LWAMATAKANE

Ixesha lokuzala lelona xesha libalulekileyo ekufuyweni kwe mpahla emfutshane. Ukufa kwamatakane kwiindawo apho izilwanyana zingagcinwanga kwindawo evalelekileyo, yingxaki ebalulekileyo elimosha kakhulu izinga lemveliso.

Isengakhona ilahleko enokufikelela kwi 50% xa ulawulo lomfama lubuthathaka okanye iimazi zisondliwa kancinci okanye kakhulu. Ibaluleke kakhulu ke ngoko imeko yokutya nenkathalo yeemazi ngelixesha zimithi iinyanga ziphezulu nangexesha lokuzala Isondlo esihle sibaluleke kakhulu kengoko ngelixesha iinyanga zokumitha ziphezulu (eziveki zintandathu zokugqibela ekumitheni) ngoba ngelixesha, kufuneka imazi ithwale umzimba owande nge 7 ukuya kwi 9 kilogram.

Iimazi ezikwinyanga zokugqibela zokumitha kufuneka kengoko zinyangwe ukukhusela izilwane ezingaphakathi, ikakhulu noseworm ukuthintela ukuba iimazi ziphunze amatakane eziwapetheyo esiswini. Ukunukisa kudlala indima enkulu xa itakane lizama ukufumana unina kengoko impumlo yalo kufuneka ihleli icocekile. Ukunikwa kwemazi I Vitamin A ngeziveki zokugqibela zokumitha, kuyakuyinyusa impilo yesilwanyana nokomelela kwizifo nokungaphumi kwezinyama zibakhona xa isilwanyana sigqiba kuzala (after birth) kuyakuthinteleka.

Ukukhula nokomelela kwomzimba we takane ukusukela kwimini yokuzalwa ukuya kutsho ebudaleni besilwanyana buxhomekeke kwiimeko esikhula kuzo isilwanyana. Xa amatakane ancancayo efikelele kubudala beeveki ezintathu, angasiwa emadlelweni amakukhulu ayokutya kunye noonina.

Indlela ethandekayo yokulumla amatakane kukususa oonina enkampini ashiyeke wodwa amatakane nanje ngokuba sele eyiqhelile inkampu, kufuneka nje umfama aqiniseke ukuba kukho ukutya okanye ingca eyoneleyo yokondla amatakane. Ukuba umfama unakho, makashiye iimazi ezimbalwana ezingasazaliyo ukuba zihlalise amatakane enkampini.

ISONDLO

Iibhokwe azityi ngokufanayo neegusha. Indlela ezitya ngayo iibhokwe isenokwenza ukuba amadlelo atshabalale tu. Ibhokwe iyakwazi ukutya izityalo ezininzi ezingafikelelwa zezinye izilwanyana. Nanje ngokuba ibhokwe inomlebe wangentla onemisipha eyomelelyo, yaze yaphinda yanelwimi elibambelelayo, iyakwazi ukutya ingca emfutshane namagqabi, iintswazi, kanti nexolo lamahlahla nemithi iyalitya.

Ibhokwe iyakwazi ukutya izityalo ezisithekileyo, ezinje ngemithana enameva, ubobo, iipali nemithana ehlabayo kwezinye izilwanyana. Ibhokwe iyakwazi ukuma ngamanqina angemva itye imithana ephezulu ebingazukufikelelwa zezinye iintlobo ze mpahla emfutshane. Ngenxa yoko, kufuneka ibhokwe ibekwe phantsi kweliso elibukhali ngamathuba wonke, kungenjalo, ingazi tshabalalisa izityalo zendalo.

Indima edlalwa kukuba kho kwamanzi ibaluleke ngolona hlobo. Amanzi ayinto ebaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni webhokwe, kanga ngokuba amanzi ayi 60% yomzimba we bhokwe aphinde abe yi 75% yezihlunu ezithambileyo enyameni yebhokwe.

Click to enlarge!		 IZIFO

Nangona iBoerbok noko yomelele kwizifo, ezo zifo zimbalwa ethi igule zizo, zingenza umonakalo omkhulu xa zithe zangena emhlambini ngenxa yokuba zithi apho zifike khona, zifike ngesaquphe zibulale izilwanyana ezininzi emhlambini. E Mpuma koloni, kukho isifo esiyi ngozi ekuthiwa ngesi Ngesi yi Blackwater siyi ngozi ngolona hlobo xa sithe sangena esibelekweni sebhokwe. Ukhuselo lwesi sifo kukuthi phakathi kweenyanga ezine nenyanga enye phambi kokuba imazi izale, inikwe inaliti. Iimpawu zesi sifo kukuthi imazi ife zingaphelanga iiyure eziyi 48 emva kokuzala ngelixesha itakane liphile qete.

Ezinye izifo eziye zivele ngamathuba athile, yi Clamdia, nePasteurella neSifo sentso ebolileyo.

I "Vuilbeksiekte", sisifo esiye sivele ematakaneni, ibonakala ngezilonda eziye zigcwale umlomo wesilwanyana. Esi sifo sisulela ngeendlela ezininzi, sinakho ukuba sithathwe litakane xa lincanca liyokusifaka embeleni webhokwe, into enokwenza umbele we bhokwe ubenezilonda. Amatakane anokufakwa inaliti xa eneveki enye ezelwe. Iimazi kufuneka zihlatywe inaliti ubuncinane iiveki ezine phambi kokuba zizale ukwenzela ukuba isifo singangeni emibeleni yazo.

Click to enlarge!		 Esinye isifo esiyingozi yi Hartwater isifo esibetha intliziyo esivame kuzo zonke iitlobo zempahla emfutshane kakhulu kwindawo ezise nxwemeni welwandle neendawo ezikufutshane nolwandle. Zininzi iindlela zokukhusela njengokudipha roqo.

Click to enlarge!		 Ukusebenzisa ii "anti biotics" nokunyangwa ngegazi elifakwe esisifo ukuze kukhule ukomelela, gazi elo elifumaneka e Onderstepoort Veterinary Laboratory.

JC Scheltema
ELSENBURG / Amagosa okucebisa amafama ngezolimo wase Bhayi