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Imigaqo yokukhuliswa kwamathole emazi zobisi ade aye kufika kwiinyanga ezintathu ubudala Afrikaans | English

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Kuyo yonke imihlambi yeemazi zobisi liphezulu kakhulu inani lamathole afayo, kangangokuba liyakwazi nokuya kufika kwi-25%. Kanti ke ngenx' enye kwimihlambi yeenkomo zenyama inani lamathole afayo limalunga ne-1% ukuya mhlawumbi kwi-2%.

Kukho izinto ngezinto ezinokuba ngunobangela wale ndyikityha yokufa ingaka kwamathole eemazi zobisi:

  • ukuba neenkomo ezininzi kakhulu kwindawo encinane
  • ixabiso lobisi elenza ukuba kungabikho ngeniso luza nayo ubisi xa kondliwe ngalo amathole ixesha elide.
  • Iintlanti zamathole ezenza kungabi lula ukuba amathole ashukumise imizimba ize kukwazi ukukhupha ubushushu obufunekayo ngeentsuku ezibandayo.
  • Iintlanti zamathole eziwenza amathole angakwazi ukutshintsha iindawo ahleli kuzo xa ubuhlanti busiba shushu okanye busiba manzi okanye busiba nomoya onefuthe.

Linokuncitshiswa kakhulu inani lamathole afayo xa kunokuthi kuqwalaselwe inkalo yendawo ahlala kuyo amathole, eyendlela ondliwa ngayo, eyolawulo namanyathelo okuthintela izifo.

Nangona ithole liye life ngenxa yesinye sezifo ezihlasela amathole, oyena nobangela wokufa kwamathole bubu-ethe-ethe bawo ekumelaneni nezifo. Intsusa yabo bonke obu bu-ethe-ethe bomzimba kukuqobeka okwenziwa kukuhlaliswa kwiindawo ezingafanelekanga, ukungondleki nokusilela kolawulo.


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Iindawo zokuhlala

Iimazi kufuneka zizalele kwiindawo ezicocekileyo, nezingenazintsholongwane, kunjalo nje kungaba kuhle xa inokuba ziindawo ezomileyo ezifana neenkampu ezithe gabalala, apho ezi mazi ziya kukwazi ukuzalela kude kunezinye iimpahla.


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Amathole kubhetele ahlaliswe kwiintlanti zawo odwa. Ubukhulu bobuhlanti bamathole kufuneka bube malunga ne-1,0m x 1,5m, uze umphakamo wona ube yi-1m, kuze apha phantsi emgangathweni ibe yisamente, kubekho nezinto eziqinileyo zokuwahlula la mathole. Into yokuwandlalela apha phantsi kufuneka isuswe yonke imihla, kubekwe eyomileyo.

Kukwabalulekile nokuba obu buhlanti mabuhlale bomile, bunempepho eyaneleyo, kodwa ke bungabi nazindawo zifufayo. Ngaphezulu kufuneka bugalelwe rhoqo izinto zokubulala iimbewu zezifo. Kambe ke kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba akukho nto idlula ilanga nokukwazi ukubulala iimbewu zezifo.


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Kanti ke amathole asenokuhlaliswa nakwiintlanti ezikwaziyo ukumana zisuswa zibe ngoonosukehlala. Ngolo hlobo ke ubuhlanti bungamana ukutshintshwa yonke imihla buye kubekwa kwindawo eyomileyo.

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Ukuwondla
  • Iintsuku ezine zokuqala:

    Ithole kufuneka ukuba lithi zingadlulanga iiyure ezintathu emva kokuba lizelwe lifumane (lincance) umthubi owaneleyo. Kumathole aluhlobo olukhulu loo mthubi ke ziilitha ezimbini (2l), kanti kwaluhlobo oluncinane yilitha enesiqingatha (1,5l). Umthubi unezinto (izithako) ezithi ziligonye ithole lizigonyela ezo zifo anokuthi kanti selekhe wanazo unina.

    Emva kwama-24 eeyure lizelwe ithole liyasuswa kunina liye kufakwa kubuhlanti bamathole apho liya kuthi linikwe ubisi ngebhakethe (ngethunga), okanye ngetiti eliyenzelweyo okanye ngetyhubhu yesisu (stomach tube). Makuzanywe ukuba ithole liwunikwe umthubi lide ligqibe iintsuku ezine lizelwe, kuba umthubi uyakwazi ukusikhusela isisu sethole.

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  • Ukusuka kusuku lwesine ukuya kutsho ekulunyulweni (± iiveki ezintandathu):

    Kuyindleko enkulu ukondla amathole ngobisi olunocwambu lwalo lonke okanye ngezinto ezithatha indawo yobisi. Ngoko ke kufuneka ukuba ithole likhawuleze lilunyulwe, lize ke likhuliswe ngomxhesho oyinto eyomileyo. Olu ke uhlobo lokondla lolokunika into engengomanzi.

    Xa lisandula ukuzalwa ithole isisu salo (upensi walo) sisesincinane kakhulu, into ke leyo eyenza ukuba ukutya kuye ngqo enjekeni. Ngeli xesha ke asikakwazi ukuba singazicola izinto ezintlakantlaka. Ngoko ke kufuneka ukuba siqhelaniswe nokucola izinto eziqinileyo ngokuthi kwalapha ekuqaleni limana linikwa umxhesho owomileyo.

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Oko ke kwenziwa ngolu hlobo:
  • Amathole makanikwe ubisi okanye izinto ezithatha indawo yobisi kube kabini qha ngemini. Ithole lemazi elilunga (elunga), umzekelo, kufuneka linikwe malunga neelitha ezimbini kusasa nezinye ezimbini ngokuhlwa.

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  • Lo mthamo ke uhlala ugciniwe ungaka njengokuba lisiya likhula nje ithole, njengoko le iyindlela yokulikhuthaza ithole ukuba liye liwunyusa umthamo eliwuthathayo wento engumgubo owomileyo njengokuba lisiya lifuna ukutya kakhulu nje.

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  • Xa likusuku lwesixhenxe kufuneka ukuba apha ecaleni kweli bhakethe liselela kulo ubisi kubekwe isitya somgubo. Malithi ke xa ligqiba kusela ubisi olu lwalo likhe lifakwe intwana yomgubo lo apha emlonyeni, okanye kufakwe intwana apha ebhakethini ukugqiba kwalo ukusela ubisi.
  • Malinikwe umgubo omtsha yonke imihla. Ithole aliwunambithi umgubo onyakamileyo okanye oqinileyo.

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  • Yonke imihla malibe nawo amanzi okusela acocekileyo. Kwisithuba seyure esiphambi kokuba ithole lifumane ubisi lwalo malingawanikwa amanzi; ngokunjalo nakwisithuba seyure emva kokuba ligqiba kusela ubisi malingawanikwa amanzi. Amathole asela amanzi amaninzi kakhulu, into ke leyo eye iwenze arhude.
  • Xa ithole likwazi ukuba lingathatha umthamo wokutya kokuqala oyi-700g ngemini into leyo edla ngokwenzeka xa lineeveki ezintlanu ukuya kwezisixhenxe, linokuthi lilunyulwe.
  • Ukusuka kweliya xesha lokulunyulwa ukuya kutsho xa lineenyanga ezintathu, ithole linikwa umxhesho wokuqala ongadlulanga kwi-1,5kg kwakunye nowefuru ekumgangatho ophezulu, umzekelo ifuru yelusini.
  • Nantsi indawo ebaluleke kakhulu: Ngalo lonke ixesha kufuneka amanzi okusela acocekileyo asoloko ekhona.

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Ulawulo

Ulawulo olufanelekileyo yeyona nkalo ibaluleke kakhulu ekukhulisweni kwamathole kakuhle. Kubalulekile ukuba umfama makawavule amehlo, asoloko ekuqwalasele okuqhubekayo kwimfuyo yakhe khona ukuze akwazi ukuthintela nazo naziphi na iingxaki ezinokuthi zivele.

  • Amathole kufuneka aphawulwe ngokukhawuleza emva kokuba ezelwe.
  • Xa imazi inemibele edlulileyo, kule yesiqhelo, loo mibele mayisikwe, kuze ke kule ndawo bekusikwe kuyo kufakwe into yokubulala iintsholongwane. Xa kunokuthi kuthungwe kudityaniswe ufele olu, loo nto ingakukhawulezisa ukuphila kwale ndawo ibisikiwe.

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  • Ukusukela kwisithuba seeveki ezine ukuya kwezintandathu ezelwe ezi mpondwana zisaphumayo zingatshiswa. Kambe ke kufuneka kubizwe umntu oyingcali aze kubonisa ukuba yenziwa njani na le nto.

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  • Amathole angamaduna anokuthenwa ngeburdizzo xa eneenyanga ezintathu ezelwe.

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Xa ekwisithuba seenyanga ezine ukuya kwezintlanu onke amathole kufuneka agonyelwe isifo senyongo, ianaplasmosis. Angamathokazi wona kufuneka agonyelwe isifo ekuthiwa yiBrucellosis. Ugonyo lwezi zifo zibini lungenziwa ngexesha elinye.

CJC Muller
ELSENBURG / Research