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Ukukhathalela itektala Afrikaans | English

Ubudala betektala abubalwa ngeminyaka, ntonje bubalwa ngokwendlela ebiphethwe ngayo ngumnikazi wayo! Ngako oko kukho izinto ezithile ekufuneka umqhubi aziqwalasele ekuseni phambi kokuba aqalise ukuyidumisa umtshini nekufuneka ahleli eziqwalasesle umzuzu nomzuzu ehleli esihlalweni somqhubi esebenza ngetektala.

Xa kukho umonakalo kwitektala, kufuneka ulungiswe ngoko nangoko. Ozeke kubonakala ukuba kukho iintsimbi eyophukileyo aze umntu anyamezele kudla ngokuvela umonakalo omkhulu ofuna imali eninzi yokulungisa.

Kungcono kakhulu ukuba impazamo etektaleni ilungiswe ngoko nangoko xa ithe yabonakala okanye yavakala. Khumbula u akwaba akancedi mntu, kwaye into yokuba athi umntu "hayi bendingazi" sisizathu esibuthathaka.

Masikhe sincokole malunga nawona mabakala abalulekileyo ekusetyenzisweni kwetektala:


Click to enlarge!		 IMIBHOBHO YOKUPHOLISA IENJINI

Umsebenzi wamathumbu okupholisa ienjini kukunqanda ukuba umtshini ungabishushu ude ugqithise. Zimbini iintlobo zezipholisi ezifumaneka etektaleni, uhlobo olupholisa ngamanzi, nohlobo olupholisa ngomoya.

Xa kuthethwa ngopholiso lomoya kubakho into ebizwa ngesingesi ukuba yifan eqhutywa libhanti elenziwe ngerubber lona libizwa ukuba yifan belt ngesingesi.

Elibhanti njengokuba lijikeleza ngesantya esiphezulu, lidala ukuba kubekho umoya obandayo ongapheliyo othi ugcine umtshini upholile. Ubude bebhanti kufuneka bulungiselelwe ukuba liqine lingathi tyeke, ukuba lithe tyeke kukho ingozi yokuba lingatyibilika kulentsimbi libotshelelwe kuyo into engakhokhelela ukuba kubekho ubushushu obugqithisileyo nobunokudala owona monakalo wakhe wamkhulu.

Qinisekisa ukuba akukho ndawo apha ebhantini lefan enethanda. Ukuba kungakho uthanda olubonakalayo faka ibhanti elitsha. Musa ukulinda lide lophuke!

Ozeke kuthethwa ngopholiso lwamanzi, kuthethwa ngempompo esebenza ngenjini yemoto ethi ihambise amanzi apholisa injini xa ithe yanyukelwa liqondo lobushushu. Amanzi ahamba ngombhobho ohamba phezulu kwenjini andule amanzi ehle ngemibhobho emincinci ayokutsho emazantsi wesixhobo esidalelwe ukupholisa esibizwa ukuba yiradiator. Ukusuka emazantsi ahamba amanzi ayokutsho kwindawo ekuthiwa yi waterpump ethumela amanzi abandisiweyo kwinjini ukuba aphinde ayipholise.


Click to enlarge!		 Khangela yonke imihla ukuba amanzi angakanani kwiradiator. Uyakuqaphela ukuba amanzi ayehla ekuseni kwindawo obuwashiye kuyo. Musa ukothuka yinto eqhelekileyo. Kodwa ukuba amanzi ehle kakhulu lumka, kusengenzeka ukuba i radiator iyavuza. Loondawo ivuzayo kufuneka ifunwe ifumaneke izokungcitywa phambi kokuba idale umonakalo omkhulu.

Amanzi we radiator wakhangele rhoqo ukuba akanarusi. Ukuba ithe kanti ikhona irusi lumka ngoba kusenokubola i radiator ngaphakathi kudaleke umonakalo omkhulu. Lilonke i radiator kufuneka ivulelwe rhoqo amanzi azibalekele ukwenzela ukuba izokuhlambeka kwakugqitywa kugalelwe iyeza elinqanda irusi apha kwi radiator lizoxubeka namanzi.

Radiator Cap: Umsebenzi walento kuthiwa yi radiator cap kukugcina ubushushu benjini nokugcina amandla (pressure) wamanzi aphakathi kwi radiator kwakunye nokunqanda ukuba amanzi angaphumi kwi radiator achithakale.

Ukuba kubonakala ukuba isiciko okanye ispring se radiatior cap sibonakala sophukile, kufuneka sisuswe kuthengwe esitsha.

Fanbelt: Umsebenzi we fanbelt kukuthatha ukujikeleza kwe crankshaft incedise ukusebenza kwe Alternator okanye igenerator kwiimoto zakudala, impompo yamanzi ne fan.

Ukuqina kwe fanbelt kufuneka kukhangelwe yonke imihla. I fanbelt engaqinanga isenokwenza ukuba ilahle (battery) ibe buthathaka ilahlekelwe ngumlilo, kwaye nomtshini usenokuyakufikelela kubushushu obuyingozi. Inga gungqa ifanbelt kangange milimetre ezingama 12-13 okanye i 1/2 ye inch.

Thermostat: I thermostat umntu uyifumana apha ecaleni kombhobho ophezulu kwenjini, lowa bekuthwe uhamba amanzi abheka kwi radiator. Xa injini idunyiswa ekuseni isiciko se thermostat sivalekile ukwenzela ukuba amanzi enjini aye kwi radiator ayokupholiswa. Kuyakwala ukuba amanzi wenjini afikelele kubushushu obuthile, siqale isiciko se thermostat ukuvuleka, amanzi ashushu aqalise ukuya kwi radiator apho afike apholiswe. Emva kokuba injini ithe yacinywa kwaphola amanzi isiciko se thermostat siyavula.

Ukuba kungenzeka ukuba isiciko se thermostat sonakale singawavuleli amanzi enjini aphume aye kwi radiator ayokupholiswa, injini ingabashushu kangangokuba idubule yonakale. Kufuneka athi umqhubi ukuba ubona ubushushu benjini bunyuka kakhulu ayicime ngoko nangoko injini.

Enye into ekhe yenzeke, kukuba isiciko se Thermostat singavaleki ozeke amanzi enjini ephola. Kwimeko enjalo, kwenzeka impazamo yokuba injini ingafudumali, nalapho mkhulu umonakalo ongadaleka.

Abantu abaninzi benza impazamo yokuncothula ithermostat ye tektala. Isizathu esidala ukuba benze lempazamo sifihlakele. Izinto ezenzekayo xa kutonculwe i thermostat nazi:

  • Itektala itsala nzima
  • Itektala isebenzisa amafutha amaninzi kunesiqhelo
  • Kwenzeka ukuhlikihlana okungaphezulu emathunjini wenjini

Radiator hose: Imibhobho ye radiator kufuneka iqatshelwe rhoqo, kukhangelwe ukuba akukho zindawo zophukileyo okanye ezinamathanda - ukuba akhona amathanda okanye iindawo ezophukileyo, kufuneka uthengwe umbhobho omtsha ngoko nangoko. Musa ukulinda de umbhobho uvuze okanye ugqabhuke . Ioyile okanye iDiesel ikwazezinye izinto ezonakalisa imibhobho.


Click to enlarge!		 I thermometer ibonisa ubushushu benjini kwaye umqhubi kufuneka imehlo lihleli lijonge ngakuyo ukwenzela ukuba iqondakale kwangethuba ukuba isasebenza okanye yonakele.

Mkhulu umonakalo ongenzeka ukuba injini yetektala ingafikelela kwiqondo lobushushu eligqithisileyo.

Khumbula ungaze ukhulule isiciko se radiator ngelixesha ise shushu!

Click to enlarge!		 AIR CLEANER

Umsebenzi walento iyi air cleaner kukubamba uthuli ukwenzela ukuba kungene umoya ococekileyo enjinini

Zimbini iintlobo zee aircleaner ezikhoyo Yile kuthiwa yi oil bath filter nale kuthiwa yi dry air cleaner.

I dry air filter koluhlobo lwe air cleaner kufuneka i air filter igcinwe icocekile lonke ixesha xa kusetyenzwa endaweni enomoya omninzi.

Khumbula ukuba xa ucocekisa i element encinci pha kwi air filter ungaze uyivuthelise ngomoya ovuthela ngamandla umzekelo lamoya kugcwaliswa amasondo eenqwelo mafutha.

I oil bath air cleaner kufuneka ioyile yayo igalelwe esityeni, kwakunye neesefu, kwakunye nefilter zihleli zicocekile xa kusetyenzwa endaweni enothuli.

Click to enlarge!		 I OYILE

Umsebenzi we oyile enjinini kukwenza lemisebenzi ilandelayo:

  • Ukuthambisa injini
  • Ukupholisa injini
  • Ukunqanda ukuba iintsimbi zenjini zingaboli ziruse

Kukho impompo esenjinini emsebenzi wayo ikuku hambisa I oyile apha enjinini. Le mpompo iye isuse I oyile ebithe yehla ngelaxesha imoto ibe icinyiwe iyinyuse iyise kwindawo ebizwa ikuba yi cylinder enezinto ekuthiwa zi piston. I oyile xa isuka kwesi sitya ilala kuso esibizwa ukuba yi oil sump kufuneka nakanjani idlule kwisisefo esibizwa ukuba yi oil filter apho ifika icocwe kushiyeke izibi ezinokungcolisa injini. Yakugqiba ukwenza umsebenzi wayo i oyile iyehla iphindele kula oil sump ibisuka kuyo.

I oyile kufuneka ijongwe yonke imihla apho ime khona imetwe ngala ntsimbi kuthiwa yi dipstick. Indawo eme kuyo ioyile kuthiwa ngesingesi yi oil level. Indima yokujonga i oyile kufuneka yenziwe ekuseni phambi kokuba itektala iqhwithwe umtshini, kwaye xa kujongwa i oyile kufuneka itektala ime kwindawo ephangaleleyo engenathambeka. Ukuba i oyile ayonelanga kufuneka yongezwe. Qiniseka xa ukhulula isiciko sala ndawo igalelwa i oyile sicocekile nala ndawo sikhutshwa kuyo ngoba ukuba kungangena isanti okanye uthuli lo injini kuphelile ngayo. Qinisekisa ukuba injini icocekile nebhekile icocekile phambi kokuba itektala isebenzi.

Lumkela ukuba ungagaleli i oyile ugqithise, lonto ingenza ukuba kuvuze i oil seals izinto ezenzwe nge rubber ezifakelwa ukuba zitywine injini ingavuzi i oyile.

Xa i oyile iphantsi ngokwalantsimbi yokumeta, lonto ithetha ukuba incinci phaya esityeni ekuthiwa yi oil sump. Xa i oyile iphantsi enjinini iintsimbi ziyahlikihlana umtshini ungaphela.

Kubalulekile ukuba injini igalelwe ngela xesha libhalwe ngumzi mveliso owenza itektala.

Ozeke i oyile ikhutshwa enjinini kufuneka injini ibeshushu ukwenzela ukuba kuphume ukungcola, i oyile emdaka nothuli. Itektala kufuneka ime endaweni ephangaleleyo xa kukhutshwa i oyile. Linda kuphume yonke i oyile emdaka iphume. Qiniseka ukuba i sump plug evala i oil sump icocekile kwaye ne washer yayo ayophukanga. Ukuba i washer yophukile, kwakuvuza i oyile injini ime ngxi ingaphinde isebenze.

Gcwalisa injini nge oyile iyokuma kwindawo ebhalwe kwi dipstick. Buyisela isiciko (oil prop ) jija isitshixo umtshini udume uyiyeke itsho yodwa ime ndawonye wandule uyicime injini ukwenzela ukuba i oyile ihle iyokutsho ezantsi esityeni sayo. Phinda utsale i dipstick ujonge ukuba i oyile ngenene ime kula ndawo iphezulu.

I Oil filter yinto efana nesisefo icoca i oyile ibambe izibi zingadluleli emathunjini wenjini. Kunyanzelekile ukuba injini xa itshintshwa i oyile, kutshintshwe ne oil filter.


Click to enlarge!		 Zimbini iintlobo ze oil filter ezikhoyo, enye kuthiwa yi Screw on enye kuthiwa yi loose element.

Le kuthiwa yi screw in ikhululwa ngezandla okanye ngebhanti ekuthiwa yi oil filter strap. I oil filter endala ayiphinde isebenze emva kokuba ikhutshiwe enjinini.

Phambi kokuba i oil filter entsha ifakwe, kufuneka umntu aqiniseke ukuba i rubber ye oil seal ihleli kakuhle endaweni yayo. Qaba intwana ye oil ecocekileyo apha kuyo i oilseal. Yijije ngesandla iqine wandule ukudumisa umtshini ukhangele ukuba i oil seal ayivuzi na.

Loose element filter: Oluhlobo lwe filter lufakwa eqokobeni elixhonywe phezu kwenjini laze labanjwa yintsimbi ebizwa ukuba yi bolt. Oluhlobo lwe oil filter lusafumaneka kwii tektala zakudala.

Khulula i bolt ukhuphe iqokobhe. Khupha i oil filter endala ebiphakathi eqokobheni uyilahle. Qinisekisa ukuba iqokobhe le oil filter licocekile. Phambi kokuba ufake i oil filter entsha qwalasela ukuba i springi kwakunye ne washer zihleli kakuhle ngaphantsi eqokobheni. Khangela ukuba i qokobhe lingqamene nomngxunya walo. Yandula ke ngoku ukufaka iqokobhe ne oil filter endaweni yazo uqinise. Wakugqiba jija isitshixo kudume umtshini uzokubona ukuba i oil fliter ayivuzi na.


Click to enlarge!		 I Oil light kufuneka ihleli isebenza xa ithe yadunyiswa injini. Ukuba isibane asisebenzi kufuneka silungiswe kwangoko.

Kubalulekile ukuba umqhubi ahleli esijongile isibane ngalo lonke ithuba esebenza ngetektala. Ukuba isibane se oyile sithe salayita kufuneka itektala icinywe ngoko nangoko kuphandwe ukuba umonakalo uphi enjinini.

I Oil gauge kufuneka isoloko isebenza. I oil gauge engasebenziyo ayingeke imchazele umqhubi xa kukho umonakalo.

Click to enlarge!		 ILAHLE (BATTERY)

I battery isasaza umbane kuyo yonke indawo ye tektala esebenza ngombane.

Amanzi we battery kufuneka akhangelwe yonke imihla ekuseni. Phambi kokuba uvule i battery yosule icoceke apha ngaphezulu. Phakamisa izicikwana ezivale i cells ze battery ukhangale ukuba amanzi akhona ngokwaneleyo. Gcwalisa amanzi we battery usebenzise kuphela amanzi ekuthiwa yi distilled water uyokuma phezulu kwe cells ze battery. Xa i battery igcwele kakhulu idistilled water isenokubila ichithe iacid nto efika yenze umonakalo xa idibene nentsimbi zeemoto.

Khangela ngamathuba wonke ukuba iiterminal ze battery neempondo ze battery zicocekile. Xa ukhulula iiterminals ze battery ubokuqala ukhulule eli kuthiwa yi earth. Ukuba uqale ngeli lomlilo laze labetheka entsimbini lisengadubula lenze umlilo onokumosha i Generator okanye iAlternator. Zicoce iiclamps ze batterry yakho ngomxube we cooking soda namanzi uzihlalise ithutyana kulomxube ugalelwe etotini.

Ukuba kukho iiclamps esele zityiwe yi acid, kufuneka kufakwe ezintsha. Khangela xa ufaka iiclamps ukuba awuphazami ngoba eka positive inomngxuma omkhulu kunale ka negative. Xa ubuyisela iiterminal kwi battery qala ufake le yomlilo. Qiniseka ukuba yonke intambo isendaweni yayo.

Xa ukhupha ibattery kwinjini ebikade ikuyo ungaze uyibeke endaweni enesamente. Ukuba ibattery yakho izakuma phezu kwe samente, kwakufuneka uyondlalele ngeplanga.

Isibane se Alternator okanye ese Generator kufuneka sihleli sikhanya xa itektala isebenza umtshini uduma. Ukuba isibane setektala asilayiti, kufuneka siqale silungiswe phambi kokuba isetyenziswe.

Emva kokuba injini yetektala isele iduma kufuneka isibane sicime, ukuba asicimi kufuneka kukhangelwe umonakalo ukhangelwe, ulungiswe phambi kokuba iphinde isetyenziswe.

Xa kuthe itektala isebenza kwalayita isibane se alternator, kufuneka ilungiswe ngoko nangoko Xa singacimi isibane se alternator kuzakuhla i battery iphelelwe ngamandla wayo okunikezela umbane.


Click to enlarge!		 Alternator okanye Generator gauge xa ilayitwa injini ye tektala, kufuneka inaliti isebenze ukubonakalisa ukuba umlilo ukhona. Ukuba ayilayiti, ibattery izakuhla.

DIESEL

Itanki letektala le diesel ligcwaliswa emalanga xa itektala Iseshushu. Ukuba aligcwaliswanga ebusuku kwakubakho isikhewu phakathi kwalapho idiesel ime khona nomphezulu we tanki lizakubila ebusuku kudaleke amanzi. Idiesel ayi dibani namanzi.

Itektala kufuneka ime endaweni ephangaleleyo xa isithiwa amafutha we diesel. Phambi kokuba ukhulule isiciko setanki kufuneka uqale usule apha ecaleni kwaso ukwenzela ukuba ungathi xa usikhupha kushiyeke kungena umhlaba.

Umbhobho lo kuzakuthiwa ngawo idiesel kufuneka ucoceke kuqala. Xa itektala ime endaweni eshushu kusengenzeka ukuba idiesel ifudumale ibile iphinde iphumele ngaphandle kwetektala. Khumbula ungaze utshaye ngelixesha utha idiesel enqweleni mafutha.

Diesel filters Le yintsimbi ecoca idiesel phambi kokuba iyokutsho kwi injector pump. Kufuneka zitshintshwe ngamaxesha athile akhankanywe ngumzi mveliso owenza loomhlobo wetektala kusetyenzwa ngawo. Ukuba azitshintshwa zizakuvaleka ime ngxi itektala ingahambi kwaphela. Xa kutshintshwa i diesel filters kufuneka laa mpompo incinanana ivalwe kuqala.


Click to enlarge!		 Kukho iintlobo ezintathu zeefilter:
  • loose element filter, 
  • metal filter, ne 
  • screw in filter.

Loose element filter: le filter ifumaneka kwi tektala ezindala. Ikhululwa njenge oil filter, ifakwa njenge oil filter.

Phambi kokuba kukhululwe imetal type filter, kudingeka ukuba i filter nalendawo ikuyo icocwe kuqala. Khulula i bolt le iphezu kwe filter. Susa iqokobhe elingaphantsi ne metal filter. Khulula zonke iirubber seals. Beka iirubberseals ezintsha imetal filter neqokobhe langa phantsi endaweni yazo wandule ujije yonke into ingene ngendawo yayo izokubanjwa libhawuti langaphezulu.

Screw in type isetyenzwa ngohlobo olufanayo kwaye ifakwa ngohlobo olufanayo ne oil filter eyi screw in.

Bleeding: Ukukhupha umoya kwimibhobho ye diesel. Xa kukhutshwa ii oil filters ezindala. Kufuneka kukhutshwe umoya kwimibhobho into ebizwa ukuba yi bleeding ngesingesi. Qala nanini nge diesel filter. Vula ke ngoku impompo encinci ye diesel. Vula umbhobho womoya (ngesingesi air valves) uyikhulule kancinci. Sebenzisa impompo elapha ecaleni kwenjini eyenzelwe ukukhupha idiesel ngokumane uyihlisa uyinyusa. Pompa de kuphume idiesel ecocekileyo engena moya. Vala ke ngoku ivalve yetektala.


Click to enlarge!		 CLUTCH

Ubomi be clutch buxhomekeke kumqhubi wetektala.

Umqhubi wetektala makangaqhubi itektala ebeke unyawo phezu kwe clutch. I clutch ayiyondawo yokuphumza unyawo. Ngokuqhuba itektala unyawo luhleli phezu kwe clutch kungadaleka umonakalo omkhulu.

Xa itektala ixingile umqhubi wayo ezama ukuphuma kulendawo axinge kuyo usengayitshisa enze umonakalo omkhulu. Kungcono kwaye licebo elikhawulezileyo ukuba kusuke kuqashwe enye itektala izokutsala le ixingileyo.

Click to enlarge!		 BRAKES

Iiziqhoboshi zetektala kufuneka ukuba zihleli zibotshwe kunye xa izihambela itektala kudityaniswe esasekunene nesasekhohlo.

Kufuneka iziqhoboshi zibambe ngokulinganayo. Ukuzivavanya, kufuneka esasekhohlo sihlulwe kwesase kunene. Zithathwa zicinezelwe ngezandla zombini. Ukuba esinye sihla ngaphezu kwenye, kufuneka sinyuswe sizokulingana nesinye, oluhlobo lokulungisa lwenziwa kuphela kwiziqhoboshi zentsimbi.

Ukuba itektala inohlobo lweziqhoboshi ekuthiwa yiHydraulic , kufuneka kujongwe i brake fluid ebhotileni yayo yonke imihla kusasa.

Ukuba kufuneka yongezwe yonke imihla, lonto ithetha ukuba kukho umbhobho ovuzayo weziqhoboshi. Kufuneka londawo ivuzayo ifunwe de ifunyanwe ilungiswe.

Xa kungekho nto kwibhotile ye brake fluid, ithetha lo nto ukuba akukho ziqhoboshi kulotektala. Xa isethiwa ibhotile ye brake fluid kufuneka ikhutshwe umoya njengoluya hlobo bekuchazwa nge bleeding ngenxa yokuba kukho umoya kwimibhobho yeziqhoboshi.

Handbrake: Indlela engcono yokubona ukuba i handbrake iyasebenza kukumisa itektala ethambekeni, utsale handbrake uzame ukusuka kulendawo ume kuyo. Ukuba ikhe yahamba yazi mhlophe ukuba ayisebenzi ihandbrake.

DIFF AND GEARBOX

Phakathi kwi gearbox nedifferential kukho iigear nee bearings ezininzi. Zifuna ezintsimbi ukuba i oyile yazo ikhangelwe rhoqo ukunqanda ukuba kusetyenziswe inqwelo ene oil encinci ngoba loonto ingenza umonakalo omkhulu.

Qiniseka ukuba idipstick encinci ye gearbox icocekile xa uyayikhupha uzakukhangela ubuninzi be gearbox oil. Ukuba kufuneka yongeziwe, galela ungadluli kumgca obhaliweyo kwi dipstick.

HYDRAULIC FILTER

Nanjengokuba i oil filter isefa i oil ye gearbox phambi kokuba iyokufika kwi three point system kucacile ukuba kufuneka ihlale icocekile. Okanye iyakusuke ivale imibhobho ebeka kwi three point system.


Click to enlarge!		 STEERING

Ukuba ivili lokujika itektala lijikeleza kakhulu kunesiqhelo, kudingeka ukuba kukhangelwe umonakalo apho ukhoyo. Ukuze ivili lokuqhuba liphononongwe kufuneka amavili etektala eme phantsi emhlabeni lijikwe ngapha nangapha. Ukuba itektala inalento kuthiwa yi Power steering kuzakufuneka iqale idumiswe umtshini phambi kokuba ivili lijikwe ngapha nangapha.

I oyile engena kulandawo sithi yi steering box kufuneka ikhangelwe ukuba yonele ingalityalwa. Galela i oyile elungele loonqwelo usebenza ngayo.

Xa itektala ine power steering kufuneka ubuninzi be oyile bukhangelwe rhoqo, ngoba ukhe yaphela imoto isenokungalawuleki. Galela i oyile elungileyo okanye ipower stering ayizukusebenza.

GREASE

Phambi kokuba kugalelwe igrease i nipples kufuneka zibe zicocekile akukho mhlaba unga ngena. Ukuba kukho iinipple ezi valekileyo bubumdaka kufuneka zikhululwe zivuthelwe ngomoya zicoceke.


Click to enlarge!		 TYRES

Qaphela ukuba amavili etektala anomoya owoneleyo kakhulu xa itektal ifakwe i three point system imane iphakanyiswa I three point.

Amavili angenamoya owoneleyo enza ukuba i three point system yonakale netektala isebenzise amafutha ngokugqithisileyo. Kula angaphambili amavili xa kungekho moya owoneleyo kubanzima ukujika kulandele ukonakala kwe steering. Ukuba kuneentanda neendawo ezophukileyo emavilini, zaze zakhawulezelwa ngokulungisa, ininzi imali enokusinda.

Ukuba amasondo etektala aphele ubuso, loo tektala iyakulungela kuphela ukutsala imithwalo endleleni. Qaphela ukuba amanzi kumatayala etektala onele kumasondo etektala. Ukuba umqhubi uzama ukulima ngetektala enamasondo aphelileyo izakumane ityibilika itektala isebenze ndawonye Amasondo azakukhawuleza ukuphela kwaye izaku sebenzisa amafutha amaninzi.

Xa kugalelwa amasondo etektala amanzi. Iyaphakanyiswa ngo jack ivalve ijonge phezulu. Ukuba umntu ugalele amanzi amaninzi, kufuneka alinde amanzi angafunekiyo aziphumele. Vala kengoku ivalve umpompe amavili. Ungapompi amavili ugqithise umoya. Kungakhe kulinge kufikelele i grease, i oyile okanye idiesel emavilini.


Click to enlarge!		 UKUPHEPHA

Ukuze uhlale uphephile, khumbula oku kulandelayo:

  • Ungaze uzingele ngetektala.
  • Musa ukukhupha itektala egiyeni isakugqiba ukuba ime ethambekeni.
  • Lumka xa kutsalwa itektala exingileyo ngokuba isenokuphakama iphenduke iyokulala ngomqolo.
  • Kwindawo elithambeka faka itektala kwi giya ephantsi.
  • Ungaze ukhwelise abantu etektaleni, ngaphandle kokuba kukho indawo eyakhiweyo yokuhlala umntu ngaphandle komqhubi.
  • Kungaze kubekho umntu ohleli entweni etsalwa yitektala enje ngekhuba. Xa umile mayihleli itsaliwe i handbrake.
  • Xa kusetyenzwa itektala kwaze kwafuneka ukuba iphakanyiswe ngo jack, makufakwe iziqobo okanye izitena kodwa mayixhaswe.
  • Ukuba kusetyenzwa into efana nekhuba ebotshelelwe nge three point system, kufuneka nayo ixhaswe.
  • Qiniseka ukuba itektala ohamba ngayo isendleleni.
  • Itektala engekho ndleleni iyingozi.
  • Itektala noko yinto engenamendu kodwa baninzi abantu abangamaxhoba wayo.
  • Xa usebenza itetala khumbula into ibenye.
  • U jack okanye i three point system ziyophuka kwaye zingakubululala.

D Louw
ELSENBURG / Isikolo sokufundisa