| Information sheets | | | Elsenburg infopaks | | | Izityalo, imifuno: 7 |
I beetroot
Afrikaans | English
I Beetroot ikhula kakuhle ngamaxesha apholileyo, kodwa yona ingalinywa nanini enyakeni. Awona maxesha akulungeleyo ukutyala ibeetroot kusekuqaleni kweenyanga ezibizwa ukuba yintlakohlaza ukuya kutsho ekuqaleni kwehlobo(August, September, October) ize iphinde elinye ixesha elilungileyo ibe lixesha lokuphela kwehlobo ukuya ekuqaleni kwexesha elibizwa ngamaxhosa ukuba kusekwindla. (February, March, April). La maxesha akhankanywe apha ngentla ngawona apholileyo enyakeni. I beetroot ayikhuli kakuhle, xa kuthe phakathi ebusika kwabanda ngokugqithisileyo.
Iindidi ezinconywayo zebeetroot, yi Crimson Globe ne Detroit Dark Red.
I beetroot ikhula nakowuphi umhlaba ngaphandle komhlaba one acid. I beetroot ikhula kakuhle kumhlaba onetyiwa oko kukuthi umhlaba obrak kanti umhlaba one Alkaline ekuthiwa yi soetgrond ngesibhulu iyakhula.
Intokunayo le mihlaba mibini obrak ne soetgrond akufuneki ibenamanzi amileyo. Amanzi kufuneka akhawuleze ehle xa bekunile okanye bekunkcenkceshelwa. Ukuba kwenzekile ukuba amanzi eme kuloondawo ilinywe i beetroot, kwakudingeka ukuba kongezwe isivundiso kuloomhlaba.
Into yokufakwa kwesivundiso iphinde incede ukuba xa umhlaba uye woma lilanga emva kwemvula ezinkulu mhlawumbi, ungabingumgubo oshinyeneyo onqanda izityalo ukuba zikhule. Musa ukufaka isivundiso kwezi ntsuku sele kusondele ukuba utyale i beetroot, okanye uyakufumana ibeetroot egcwele iingcambu ezincinci ingathi buboya okanye iinwele. Faka isivundiso kunyaka ongaphambili. Qala ulime olunye uhlobo lomfuno umzekelo ikhaphetshu uyivune, wandule ukulima i beetroot.Lendlela yokulima ikwa yindlela yento ngesilungu ekuthiwa yi crop rotation ntoleyo ephumza umhlaba ngoba akulinywa into enye unyaka emva konyaka. Lendlela inqanda ukuba kulinywe ibeetroot rhoqo. Iphinde inqande ukuba izifo nezinambuzane ezihlasela i beetroot zande. Ezona zimbiwa ezifunwa yi beetroot, yi nitrogen (N), phosphate (P), ipotasium (K), neboron (b). I beetroot inazo ezi zintathu i nitrogen iphosphate nepotassium kodwa idla ngokulambatha malunga ne boron. Umhlaba nawo udla ngoku lambatha ngesi simbiwa siyi boron. Ngenxa yaloonto, kuye kufuneke umlimi ayongeze iboron emhlabeni. Ngaphambi kokuba umlimi azi ukuba kufuneka agalele kangakanani, umhlaba uyaxilongwa kukhangelwe ukuba kakade ingakanani ekhoyo emhlabeni. Kubalulekile ukuba kungagalelwa izimbiwa kakhulu okanye kancinci emhlabeni. Ukuba kugalelwe kakhulu, izityalo ziyatsha ukuba kugalelwe kancinci izityalo zikhula zibu thathaka.
Ukuba awunamali yokwenza ingxilongo yomhlaba usengagalela ngoluhlobo:
Xa utyala: i 80 gram okanye (2,8 ye ounce) okanye ikomityana egcweleyo yesichumisi i 2:3:2(22) kunye ne Zinc (Zn) kwi square metre nganye (m2).
Esi sichumisi ngumxube wenitrogen,potassium, iphosphate kunye nentwana ye zinc.
Emva kweeveki ezintathu ukuya kwezine kutyaliwe, okanye xa izityalo zikubude obungange 15 centimetre (6 inches) okanye zikubude obulingana nesandla sakho, kungengezwa izimbiwa ngolu hlobo:
25 gram okanye (0,8) okanye iitispuni ezintlanu ze ammonium sulphate kwi square metre (m2) nganye, okanye
20 gram okanye (0,7 ounces) okanye amacephe amane weLime Ammonium Nitrate (LAN) kwi square metre ngasinye.
(I square metre esinye (m2) silingana nendawo ebakhona xa kudityaniswe imihlakulo emine yaze yenza i square.)
Ukuba ibeetroot ikhuliswe emhlabeni one boron encinci, kuzakuvela iziqhamo ezina mabala amnyama ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Kwakhona ibeetroot izakuba neentanda ezimnyama kunye nemingxuma emnyama. Ukuba yenzekile loonto, ungagalela i gram ye Solubor kwi square metre ngasinye somhlaba (1gram/m2). Loonto ithethe ukuba kugalelwe ngaphantsi kwe tispuni ye Solubor kwi square metre nganye. Lumkela ukugalela i Solubor eninzi ngoba kwayona ngendlela enamandla ngayo ijika ibe yi tyhefu ezityalweni xa igalelwe kakhulu.
Phambi kokuba kulinywe imbewu ye beetroot, kufuneka umhlaba wenziwe ulingane ungabi nandawo ezinamathambeka, kufuneka kususwe amatye, ukhula, namagaqa wodaka omiswe lilanga. Imbewu umlimi kufuneka ayityale emiqolweni okanye emiseleni ebunzulu buzi centimetre ezimbini okanye i 0,8 inches okanye kangangobubanzi bobhontsi. Kufuneka ithi xa ivela ibeetroot, ezinye izithole zicuthwe ukwenzela ukuba izityalo zingaphikisani ngomhlaba. Tsala izithole ocinga ukuba zigcwalisa indawo kushiyeke indawo ezi centimetre eziyi7 okanye (3 inches) okanye indawo engangeminwe emine emqolweni ngamnye. Imiqolo ekulinywe ibeetroot kufuneka yohluke omnye komnye nge centimetre eziyi 20 okanye 8 inches okanye umgama ongangesandla xa sivulwe iminwe.
Indawo ebalulekileyo ekufuneka ingaze ilityalwe yeyokuba umhlaba kufuneka uhlale umanzi de izithole zintshule zivele ngaphezu komhlaba. Xa kushushu kakhulu, iiseed bed kwakufuneka ukuba zigqunywe ngengca esikiweyo,ingca ewileyo, okanye izithole zengca ende ukwenzela ukuba imbewu esengaphantsi komhlaba ingatshi kukoma. Ezi zithole okanye ingca esikiweyo yaze yabekwa phezu komhlaba ukuba maze ungomi, kuthiwa ngesibhulu, yi grond bedekking oko kukuthi isigquma mhlaba. Xa ziqala izithole ukuntshula zivela ngaphantsi komhlaba, isuswa yonke into ebekugqunywe ngayo ukwenzela ukuba kungaveli izithole ezibhityileyo.
Ukuba wonelisekile ukuba izityalo zivele kakuhle, ingaphinde kwakhona ibekwe ingca yokugquma ukugcina umhlaba ufumile, ulumkele nje ukugquma amagqabi wezityalo zakho. Enye into eyenziwa sisigqumi mhlaba kukuvimba ukhula ithuba lokuvela.
Ingcambu ze beetroot azihli kuyaphi ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuba umhlaba elinywe kuwo uhleli umanzi. Ngamaxesha wembalela, apho kudlula ixesha elide kungakhange kune, ibeetroot izakuba nezithole ezigcwele uboya ezinezikhondo ezomileyo. Xa imozulu ipholile, ibeetroot ingankcenkceshelwa kanye ngeveki.
Xa kushushu kakhulu, kungacuthwa ubuninzi bamanzi kugalalwe amanzi kabini okanye kathathu ngeveki endaweni yamanzi amaninzi kanye ngeveki.
Ibeetroot ingavunwa xa ifikelele kubude be 2,5 centimetre okanye (1 inch) okanye ububanzi besiqingatha somnwe ukuya 7,5 centimetre (3 inches) okanye ngangeminwe emine ukuya kwemihlanu.
M Jordaan
ELSENBURG / Ifama yophando nzulu yase
CRADOCK
